Why Do Attackers Prefer Social Engineering Over Brute-Forcing?

Imagine a would-be intruder outside a locked door. They could try every key in existence, hoping one fits (the brute force method), or simply knock and claim they’re a friend, tricking someone into letting them in (social engineering). Most attackers prefer the latter for good reason. Brute-forcing is time-consuming, suspicious, and often ineffective, while social engineering is like slipping a skeleton key into human trust. Why social engineering is the favored strategy?

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Using John the Ripper to Find Weak Passwords in Linux Systems (Penetration Testing)

Disclaimer: This article is intended solely for educational and cyber security purposes, intended to help cyber security professionals and learners understand how passwords can be exposed and how to prevent such vulnerabilities. Unauthorized access to computer systems is illegal and unethical. Always obtain proper authorization before conducting penetration testing on any network or system.

In penetration testing, understanding potential vulnerabilities within Linux-based systems is essential for both offensive and defensive strategies. Linux systems store user account information in two files: the /etc/passwd file and the /etc/shadow file. Together, these files contain details that can help penetration testers uncover weak password policies and determine how secure a system’s authentication process is.

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