The Vigenère Cipher

In the realm of cryptography, the Vigenère cipher stands as a testament to the ingenuity and complexity of early encryption methods. I have to admit that it is my personal favorite of the “old” ciphers. The Vigenère cipher, often attributed to Blaise de Vigenère, was actually first described by Giovan Battista Bellaso in 1553. Bellaso’s description of a polyalphabetic substitution cipher, which later became known as the Vigenère cipher, predated de Vigenère’s work by over a century. De Vigenère’s contribution was the development of a text autokey cipher, which was misattributed to him due to his association with the Vigenère cipher. The Vigenère cipher itself was not invented by de Vigenère but rather by Bellaso and later misattributed to him.

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A Beginner’s Guide to Ciphers, Cryptography, and Encryption

The use of secret codes and ciphers dates back to ancient civilizations, where rulers, generals, and diplomats employed various techniques to encode their messages. The Spartans, for example, used a device called the scytale, a rod of a particular diameter around which a strip of parchment was wound to reveal the hidden message. As societies progressed, so did the sophistication of these methods, leading to the birth of classical ciphers and, eventually, modern cryptographic techniques.

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