Understanding the Linux file permissions

Linux supports multiple users and groups on the system to log in, create, modify and delete files and folders. System files and folders must be protected from the ordinary users to avoid accidental deletion or modification. Configuration files can contain sensitive data like passwords and certificates. Our home user directory can contain our private secrets as well. In UNIX/Linux there is a permission and owner/group system in place.

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How to install a secure Apache2 web server on Debian 11?

The expected outcome is:

  • To open a browser
  • Type the IP address of the machine (DNS configuration is a topic for later)
  • It must serve a new, custom html file called index.html with our string “Hello, How are you?”
  • Preparation work
  • Debian 11 netinstall in a VM is ready (it will be the server)
  • The network configuration is ready (IP and port 80 are reachable)
  • Root access on the VM
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How to use Python virtual environments in Visual Studio Code?

I need both Linux and Windows environments at the same computer. I have been a Linux desktop user for almost 20 years, but some of the tools I use recently require Windows 10. Dual boot was a great solution, but it required double hard disk space and maintenance. One of my daily driver tools is Windows-only and a heavy GPU consumer, thus I changed my primary OS to Windows, and my Linux experience relies on WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux).

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